Composition of entire function and analytic functions in the unit ball with a vanished gradient

  • A. I. Bandura Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
  • T. M. Salo Lviv Politechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
  • O. B. Skaskiv Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine
Keywords: unit disc, unit ball, analytic function, entire function, several complex variables, composition, bounded index in joint variables, sum of functions, gradient

Abstract

The composition $H(z)=f(\Phi(z))$ is studied,
where $f$ is an entire function of a single complex variable and $\Phi$ is an analytic function
in the $n$-dimensional unit ball with a vanished gradient.
We found conditions by the function $\Phi$ providing boundedness of the $\mathbf{L}$-index in joint variables for the function $H$, if the function $f$ has bounded $l$-index for some positive continuous function $l$
and $\mathbf{L}(z)= l(\Phi(z))(\max\{1,|\Phi_{z_1}'(z)|\},\ldots, \max\{1,|\Phi_{z_n}'(z)|\}),$ $z\in\mathbb{B}^n.$
Such a constructed function $\mathbf{L}$ allows us to consider a function $\Phi$ with a nonempty zero set for its gradient.
The obtained results complement earlier published results with $\mathop{grad}\Phi(z)=(\frac{\partial \Phi(z)}{\partial z_1}, \ldots, \frac{\partial \Phi(z)}{\partial z_j},\ldots,\frac{\partial \Phi(z)}{\partial z_n})\ne \mathbf{0}.$
Also, we study a more general composition $H(\mathbf{w})=G(\mathbf{\Phi}(\mathbf{w}))$, where
$G: \mathbb{C}^n\to \mathbb{C}$ is an entire function of the bounded $\mathbf{L}$-index in joint variables,
$\mathbf{\Phi}: \mathbb{B}^m\to \mathbb{C}^n$ is a vector-valued analytic function, and
$\mathbf{L}: \mathbb{C}^n\to\mathbb{R}^n_+$ is a continuous function.
If the $\mathbf{L}$-index of the function $G$ equals zero, then we construct a function
$\widetilde{\mathbf{L}}: \mathbb{B}^m\to\mathbb{R}^m_+$ such that the function $H$ has bounded
$\widetilde{\mathbf{L}}$-index in the joint variables $w_1,$ $\ldots,$ $w_m$.
These results are also new in one-dimensional case, i.e. for functions analytic in the unit disc.

Author Biographies

A. I. Bandura, Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine

Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine

T. M. Salo, Lviv Politechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine

Lviv Politechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine

O. B. Skaskiv, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine

Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine

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Published
2024-12-13
How to Cite
Bandura, A. I., Salo, T. M., & Skaskiv, O. B. (2024). Composition of entire function and analytic functions in the unit ball with a vanished gradient. Matematychni Studii, 62(2), 132-140. https://doi.org/10.30970/ms.62.2.132-140
Section
Articles